Setiap tahun, monsun menutup kampung nelayan Kelantan dan Terengganu selama berbulan-bulan. Apa yang berlaku kepada orang yang tinggal di sana semasa mereka menunggu?
1 February 2026
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In November, the boats go in.
Not all of them. Never all of them. But most of the fishing fleet along the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia is hauled ashore sometime in the weeks before the northeast monsoon arrives, and it stays there until February or March, depending on the sea.
The interval is called the musim tengkujuh, the monsoon season, the season of big waves. It has governed the rhythms of coastal life here for as long as anyone can remember. It governs them still.
The shape of the wait
In Bachok, a fishing district in Kelantan, the boats are arranged in rows above the tide line like a field of colorful hulls. Some are freshly painted. Others show months of hard use. All of them are waiting.
The men who work them are waiting too.
Pak Hamid has been fishing out of Bachok for forty years. He is fifty-eight. His father fished here. Two of his three sons fish here. The third moved to Kuala Lumpur and works in logistics.
"The young ones," Pak Hamid said, gesturing vaguely toward the village, "they don't like to wait anymore."
He said this not as a complaint but as a statement of fact. The wait, for him, is part of the rhythm. It is time for repair, of the boats, of the nets, of the body. He does odd jobs. He visits relatives. He rests.
For a younger generation that has grown up with different expectations of time, the monsoon season is harder to inhabit.
What changes, what doesn't
The east coast has changed significantly in the past two decades. Roads have improved. Mobile connectivity has arrived. Tourism, principally beach resorts on the offshore islands, has brought money and, with it, a different understanding of what the coast is for.
But the monsoon has not changed. It arrives when it arrives. It ends when it ends. The sea does not negotiate.
What has changed is the cost of waiting. Household expenses, school fees, loan repayments, fuel, food, continue through the months when income stops. Fishing is seasonal. Financial obligation is not.
Some fishermen supplement their income during the monsoon. Some borrow. Some spend the season working construction or driving for hire. Increasingly, their wives' incomes, from smallholding, from craft, from government employment, are what sustain households through the interval.
"My wife," Pak Hamid said, "she is the one who keeps us together during this time. I have always known this."
He said it plainly, without embarrassment. It was simply true.
The question of the next generation
The fishing villages of Kelantan and Terengganu are not dying. They are changing. The distinction matters.
Young people leave. They always have. But many return. The sea is a demanding employer, but it is also, for those who know it, a specific kind of home. The knowledge it requires is deep, the currents, the fish, the weather, the equipment, the economics of the catch. It is knowledge that takes years to acquire and cannot be learned elsewhere.
Whether enough young people want to acquire it is the question that the villages are quietly, continuously working out.
In Bachok, the boats were still ashore on the day I visited. The sea was grey-green and choppy, waves breaking white beyond the sandbar. A group of men were working on a hull, sanding, repainting, talking.
They had time. The monsoon was not done yet.
Pada bulan November, bot-bot pun masuk ke darat.
Bukan semua. Tidak pernah semua. Tetapi kebanyakan armada nelayan di sepanjang pantai timur Semenanjung Malaysia ditarik ke darat pada minggu-minggu sebelum monsun timur laut tiba, dan ia kekal di sana hingga Februari atau Mac, bergantung kepada keadaan laut.
Tempoh itu dipanggil *musim tengkujuh*, musim ombak besar. Ia telah mengawal irama kehidupan pesisir di sini selagi sesiapa dapat ingat. Ia masih mengawalnya.
## Bentuk penantian
Di Bachok, sebuah daerah perikanan di Kelantan, bot-bot tersusun dalam barisan di atas garis pasang surut seperti padang lambung berwarna-warni. Sesetengahnya baru dicat. Yang lain menunjukkan bulan-bulan penggunaan keras. Semua sedang menunggu.
Lelaki yang mengendalikannya turut menunggu.
Pak Hamid telah menangkap ikan dari Bachok selama empat puluh tahun. Usianya lima puluh lapan. Bapanya menangkap ikan di sini. Dua daripada tiga anaknya menangkap ikan di sini. Yang ketiga berpindah ke Kuala Lumpur dan bekerja dalam logistik.
"Yang muda-muda," kata Pak Hamid, menggerakkan tangan ke arah kampung, "mereka tak suka menunggu lagi."
Dia berkata ini bukan sebagai aduan tetapi sebagai pernyataan fakta. Penantian itu, baginya, adalah sebahagian daripada irama. Ia adalah masa untuk baiki, bot, jaring, dan badan. Dia melakukan kerja sambilan. Dia melawat saudara-mara. Dia berehat.
Bagi generasi muda yang membesar dengan jangkaan masa yang berbeza, musim monsun lebih sukar untuk dihayati.
## Apa yang berubah, apa yang tidak
Pantai timur telah berubah dengan ketara dalam dua dekad lalu. Jalan-jalan telah bertambah baik. Ketersambungan telefon bimbit telah hadir. Pelancongan, terutamanya resort pantai di pulau-pulau luar pesisir, telah membawa wang dan, bersamanya, pemahaman berbeza tentang apa yang pantai itu untuk.
Tetapi monsun tidak berubah. Ia tiba bila ia tiba. Ia berakhir bila ia berakhir. Laut tidak berunding.
Apa yang berubah ialah kos penantian. Perbelanjaan isi rumah, yuran sekolah, bayaran pinjaman, bahan api, makanan, berterusan sepanjang bulan-bulan apabila pendapatan berhenti. Menangkap ikan adalah bermusim. Obligasi kewangan tidak.
Sesetengah nelayan menambah pendapatan mereka semasa monsun. Sesetengah meminjam. Sesetengah menghabiskan musim bekerja di projek pembinaan atau memandu untuk upah. Semakin banyak, pendapatan isteri mereka, dari bertanam kecil-kecilan, dari kraftangan, dari pekerjaan kerajaan, yang menampung isi rumah sepanjang tempoh itu.
"Isteri saya," kata Pak Hamid, "dialah yang menyatukan kami semasa waktu ini. Saya dah lama tahu ni."
Dia berkata dengan terus terang, tanpa rasa malu. Ia hanya kenyataan.
## Soal generasi seterusnya
Kampung-kampung nelayan Kelantan dan Terengganu tidak sekarat. Mereka berubah. Perbezaan itu penting.
Orang muda pergi. Mereka sentiasa pergi. Tetapi ramai yang pulang. Laut adalah majikan yang menuntut, tetapi ia juga, bagi mereka yang mengenalinya, adalah sejenis rumah yang khusus. Pengetahuan yang diperlukan itu mendalam, arus, ikan, cuaca, peralatan, ekonomi tangkapan. Ia adalah pengetahuan yang mengambil bertahun-tahun untuk dikuasai dan tidak boleh dipelajari di tempat lain.
Sama ada cukup ramai anak-anak muda yang mahu menguasainya adalah persoalan yang sedang dikerjakan secara senyap dan berterusan oleh kampung-kampung tersebut.
Di Bachok, bot-bot masih berada di darat pada hari lawatan itu. Laut berwarna kelabu-hijau dan berombak, gelombang memecah putih di sebalik beting pasir. Sekumpulan lelaki sedang mengerjakan sebuah lambung bot, mengamplas, mengecat semula, berbual.
